Modernization and growth in Kazakhstan
Almaz Sharman
Deputy CEO for Medicine, Nazarbayev University, Astana, Republic of
Kazakhstan
Editorial
Kazakhstan has experienced tremendous growth and rapid economic
expansion in recent years. With oil wealth and a vibrant financial
sector and investment climate, the country is in a position to leverage
its economic prosperity by first of all fostering economic growth in
key industries and fields. As a next step, the government of Kazakhstan
wants to diversify the economy and develop high-value added goods and
services.
As part of its modernization program, Kazakhstan has singled out
institutional reforms in higher education and science as a priority to
foster a new generation of world-class researchers, engineers, and
social scientists. A crucial element in this process is a new research
university.
Nazarbayev University, which was established in Astana only two years
ago, aims to become a globally recognized teaching and research
institution. Its primary goal is to equip the country's students to
compete globally by integrating teaching, research and the industrial
application of science.
We recognize that the fruits of scientific discovery have already been
taken from the bottom of the tree of knowledge. To get to the top of
the tree of knowledge more efforts and more resources are needed.
Therefore, research is the crucial component in our development
strategy.
Until recently, policy on research funding in Kazakhstan was focused on
sustaining the existing institutions rather than the development of
research and innovative mechanisms.
Because of that, there was insufficient funding for high quality
research, and few opportunities existed for research jobs in-country.
Intellectual property was not managed in a structured fashion while
long-term venture-like funds have not been established to help develop
an industry.
Recently Kazakhstan adopted a new law on science that is expected to
radically change the research environment in Kazakhstan. The new law
prioritizes the following areas:
- Energy research
- Innovative technologies in processing of raw materials
- Innovation and telecommunication technologies
- Life Sciences
- Basic research in humanities and other fields
The new law establishes national research councils in the relevant
priority areas and three streams of research funding:
- Basic funding to support scientific infrastructure,
property, and salaries
- Grant funding to support research programs
- Program-target funding to resolve strategic challenges
In addition, the new law establishes a system for peer review of
research grant applications.
In 2012, the government funding for research and development is
expected to reach US$331 million, which is 40 percent higher than in
2011. The plan is to exceed 1 percent GDP in research funding.
In the light of these new developments and funding opportunities,
researchers in Kazakhstan aspired to prove their capabilities to the
world’s scientific arena. We recognize that the best way to be
internationally recognized is through publishing scientific results in
international peer reviewed journals with high impact factor. Indeed,
this is one of the critical and well recognized measures of scientific
merit.
Unfortunately, Kazakhstan and the other countries of Central Asia are
far behind in publication rate and impact compared to such nations as
the US, Japan, Korea, Russia, etc. Only 439 articles have been
published so far in peer reviewed journals by Kazakhstani researchers,
while the rate of publications in the other Central Asian countries is
even lower. Despite the fact that the publication rate has grown over
the past decade, it is still insufficient to demonstrate the regions
significance in the area of research and development.
In this regard, we are pleased to announce the Inaugural Issue of The
Central Asian Journal of Global Health (cajgh.pitt.edu), which is a
peer-reviewed scientific journal developed as a result of a partnership
of Nazarbayev University with the University of Pittsburgh’s
Supercourse program (www.pitt.edu/~super1). The program was developed
within the framework of the World Health Organization’s Collaborating
Centre for Disease Monitoring and Telecommunications at the University
of Pittsburgh.
This is a newly launched journal aimed at publishing research data,
reviews, and other important issues relevant to various fields of
public health and biomedicine. Specifically, it focuses on quality
publishing and is aimed at increasing the number of peer reviewed
publication coming from researchers from Kazakhstan and Central Asia.
Our best hope is that scientists, doctors, epidemiologists and other
researchers will use this opportunity to present their results and
observations to the worldwide scientific community.
We believe that this new initiative will help us to achieve our
strategic goals of transforming medicine and healthcare in Kazakhstan
from a Curative to a Preemptive paradigm, accelerating translation of
research findings from the bench to the bedside to the community. It
will also help in in our efforts to provide the evidence and knowledge
base to allow for a rational transformation of Kazakhstan’s healthcare
system.
Almaz Sharman, MD, PhD, Professor of Medicine
Deputy CEO for Medicine, Nazarbayev University, Astana, Republic of Kazakhstan
http://zdrav.kz/almazsharman/en
dr.sharman@gmail.com
www.twitter.com/almazsharman