@article{Saeed_2014, title={Prevalence of Risk Factors for Non-Communicable Diseases in the Adult Population of Urban Areas in Kabul City, Afghanistan}, volume={2}, url={http://cajgh.pitt.edu/ojs/cajgh/article/view/69}, DOI={10.5195/cajgh.2013.69}, abstractNote={<div><p class="AbstractParagraphs"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;">Background:</span></strong><span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;"> Non-Communicable diseases (NCDs) are a major global problem. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of common risk factors for NCDs among the adult population in urban areas of Kabul city, Afghanistan.</span></span></span></p><p class="AbstractParagraphs"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;">Methods and Materials:</span></strong><span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;"> This study was conducted from December 2011 through March 2012 and involved a survey of 1169 respondents, aged 40 years and above. Multistage cluster sampling was used for participant selection, followed by random sampling of the participants. The World Health Organization STEPwise approachfor Surveillance (STEPS) was modified and used for this study. </span></span></span></p><p class="AbstractParagraphs"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;">Results:</span></strong><span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;"> The overall prevalence of smoking was 5.1% (14.7% men versus 0.3% women) and using mouth snuff was 24.4% in men and 1.3% in women. The prevalence of obesity and hypertension were 19.1% and 45.2 % in men and 37.3% and 46.5% in women. Prevalence of diabetes was 16.1% in men and 12% in women. The overall prevalence of obesity, hypertension and diabetes mellitus was 31.2%, 46% and 13.3%, respectively. On average, subjects consumed 3.37 servings of fruit and 2.96 servings of leafy vegetables per week. Mean walking and sitting hours per week (as proxies for physical activity) were 19.4 and 20.5, respectively. A multivariate model demonstrated that age was a significant risk factor for obesity (OR=1.86), diabetes (OR=2/09) and hypertension (OR=4.1). Obesity was significantly associated with sex (OR=1.65). </span></span></span></p><p class="AbstractParagraphs"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #262626; font-family: ’Times New Roman’,’serif’; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: EN-US; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Conclusion:</span></strong></span><span style="color: #262626; font-family: ’Times New Roman’,’serif’; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: EN-US; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"> These results highlight the need for interventions to reduce and prevent risk factors of non-communicable diseases in urban areas of Kabul City, Afghanistan.</span></p></div>}, number={2}, journal={Central Asian Journal of Global Health}, author={Saeed, Khwaja Mir Islam}, year={2014}, month={Jan.} }